ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING DISASTER MITIGATION KNOWLEDGE LEVELS FOR FIRE AND EARTHQUAKE AT SCHOOL AMONG CHILDREN OF SDN 03 PAGI DKI JAKARTA IN 2025

Abstract

Background: Indonesia, particularly urban areas like Jakarta, faces high risks from earthquakes and fires due to its location and population density. Elementary school children are a vulnerable group requiring essential disaster knowledge and preparedness. This study analyzes factors influencing fire and earthquake disaster mitigation knowledge among students at SDN 03 Pagi DKI Jakarta in 2025 and evaluates school-based education effectiveness. Low student knowledge increases casualty risks, highlighting the need to understand factors like school's role, media, and parental involvement, especially given limited systematic disaster education in elementary schools. Methods: A quantitative descriptive survey with correlational analysis was conducted among 60 elementary school students (grades 4-5) at SDN 03 Pagi DKI Jakarta using closed questionnaires. Data was collected on knowledge and influencing factors (school's role, information access, experience, media, parental support). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: A majority of students exhibited poor disaster mitigation knowledge: 61.67% for earthquakes and 51.67% for fires. The school's role was the most dominant factor (r = 0.415; p = 0.000), showing a strong positive association. Other significant factors were information access, disaster experience, learning media, and parental support. These factors explained 51% of the knowledge variation (R² = 0.51). Conclusion: Findings underscore the critical need to enhance disaster mitigation education in elementary schools. Strengthening the school's role, improving learning media, and integrating parental support are key strategies to elevate student knowledge and preparedness, crucial for reducing casualties and building a more disaster-resilient generation.